Are you looking for a way to upgrade your car’s audio system without spending a lot of money? If so, then adding a subwoofer is a great option. Subwoofers can add deep, rich bass to your music, making it sound much more immersive and enjoyable. However, installing a subwoofer can be a bit tricky, especially if you’ve never done it before. That’s why we’ve put together this guide on how to put subs in a car. We’ll walk you through the entire process, from choosing the right subwoofer to mounting it in your car.
The first step is to choose the right subwoofer for your car. There are a few things you need to consider when making this decision, such as the size of your car, the type of music you listen to, and your budget. If you have a small car, you’ll need to choose a subwoofer that is relatively small and compact. If you listen to a lot of bass-heavy music, you’ll need a subwoofer that has a high power output. And if you’re on a budget, you’ll need to choose a subwoofer that is affordable. Once you’ve considered these factors, you can start shopping for a subwoofer.
Installing the Amplifier
Choosing the Right Amplifier
Selecting a suitable amplifier is crucial for powering your subwoofers. Consider the subwoofers’ impedance and power requirements. The amplifier should have a stable output that can handle the subs’ power demands, ensuring optimal performance without distortion.
Wiring the Amplifier
Once you have chosen the amplifier, it’s time to wire it correctly. Ensure that the power and ground wires are of adequate gauge and length to handle the current draw. Use high-quality connectors to secure the connections and prevent any shorts or signal noise.
Connecting to the Subwoofers
The amplifier has output terminals that connect to the subwoofers. Use speaker wire of the appropriate gauge to run from the amplifier’s output terminals to the speaker terminals on the subwoofers. Ensure proper polarity by connecting the positive terminal of the amplifier to the positive terminal of the subwoofers and the negative terminal to the negative terminal. This ensures that the subwoofers work in phase and produce the desired sound quality.
Connecting the Power Supply
Connecting the power supply is a crucial step in installing car subwoofers. Here’s a detailed guide with additional information for each step:
1. Grounding the Power Cord
The ground wire creates a safe electrical path back to the battery. Connect it to a clean, bare metal surface on the car’s chassis. Use a ring terminal, star washer, and self-tapping screw to ensure a secure connection.
2. Routing the Power Cord
Route the power cord carefully through the vehicle, keeping it away from sharp edges and heat sources. Use zip ties or wire loom to secure it and prevent rattling. Note: Avoid running the cord through the engine compartment, as heat and engine vibration can damage it.
3. Connecting to the Battery
Connect the positive (red) power cord terminal to a distribution block or directly to the positive terminal of the car battery. Use a high-quality ring terminal and tighten it securely. A distribution block allows you to connect multiple devices to the battery in an organized and safe manner.
4. Fusing the Power Cord
Installing a fuse between the battery and the amplifier is vital for safety. Determine the appropriate fuse amperage based on the amplifier’s maximum power draw. Select a fuse with a rating slightly higher than the amplifier’s maximum draw. Place the fuse in an inline fuse holder and connect it to the power cord. The fuse will protect the amplifier and electrical system from damage in case of a short circuit or overload.
| Recommended Fuse Amperage | Amplifier Maximum Power Draw |
|---|---|
| 10 A | 100-150 W |
| 15 A | 200-300 W |
| 20 A | 400-500 W |
Running the Audio Cables
5. Connecting the Speaker Level Input to the Amplifier
It’s important to match the correct wires to their corresponding terminals on the amplifier and subwoofers. In a typical car audio setup, the color coding of the speaker wires follows a standard convention:
| Wire Color | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Red | Positive (+) from the amplifier to the positive terminal on the subwoofer |
| Black | Negative (-) from the amplifier to the negative terminal on the subwoofer |
| White | Positive (+) from the high-level input on the amplifier to the positive speaker output on the head unit |
| White/Black | Negative (-) from the high-level input on the amplifier to the negative speaker output on the head unit |
Connect the corresponding wires to their designated terminals and secure them tightly. Ensure that the positive and negative wires are not crossed, as this can result in damage to the amplifier or subwoofers. If the speaker wires from the head unit are not color-coded, use a voltmeter to determine the correct polarity. Touch the positive probe to the speaker wire and the negative probe to the ground, and observe the voltage reading. A positive reading indicates the positive wire, while a negative reading indicates the negative wire.
Hooking Up the Subwoofer
Once you have your subwoofer box and enclosure in place, it’s time to hook up the subwoofer. This process involves connecting the subwoofer to the amplifier and power source, and adjusting the gain and crossover settings.
1. Connecting the Subwoofer to the Amplifier
Connect the positive (+) terminal of the subwoofer to the positive (+) terminal of the amplifier. Connect the negative (-) terminal of the subwoofer to the negative (-) terminal of the amplifier.
2. Connecting the Subwoofer to the Power Source
Connect the positive (+) terminal of the power source to the positive (+) terminal of the amplifier. Connect the negative (-) terminal of the power source to the negative (-) terminal of the amplifier.
3. Adjusting the Gain
The gain setting controls the level of output from the subwoofer. Adjust the gain so that the subwoofer produces a balanced level of bass without overpowering the other speakers in your system.
4. Adjusting the Crossover
The crossover setting controls the frequency range that the subwoofer reproduces. Adjust the crossover so that the subwoofer reproduces the low frequencies that are not being reproduced by the other speakers in your system.
5. Running the Power Wire
Run the power wire from the battery to the amplifier. Make sure that the power wire is thick enough to handle the current draw of the amplifier. Use a fuse or circuit breaker to protect the power wire.
6. Grounding the Subwoofer
Ground the subwoofer by connecting the negative (-) terminal of the subwoofer to a metal part of the car’s chassis. Make sure that the ground connection is clean and tight.
| Subwoofer Wiring Colors | Connection |
|---|---|
| Red | Positive (+) |
| Black | Negative (-) |
| Blue (Optional) | Remote Turn-On |
Configuring the Amplifier
7. Setting the Gain
The gain setting on your amplifier is crucial for ensuring proper sound balance and preventing damage to your speakers. Follow these steps to set the gain correctly:
- Measure the voltage at the amplifier’s output terminals: Use a multimeter to measure the voltage in millivolts while playing a mid-level frequency test tone (e.g., 500 Hz) at moderate volume.
- Calculate the RMS power: Multiply the measured voltage (in mV) by the square root of the amplifier’s power rating in ohms (e.g., for a 500-watt amplifier at 4 ohms, multiply by 12.5) to get the RMS power (in watts).
- Set the gain: Use the gain knob or adjustment screws on the amplifier to adjust the gain until the RMS power matches the speaker’s recommended power handling capacity (see table above).
- Refine the gain: If possible, use a real-time audio analyzer to measure the frequency response and distortion levels of your system while playing a variety of different tracks. Adjust the gain as needed to optimize the sound quality and prevent clipping or distortion.
| Speaker Power Handling | RMS Power |
|---|---|
| 200 watts | 120-180 watts |
| 300 watts | 150-240 watts |
| 400 watts | 200-320 watts |
Tuning the System
Once the subwoofer is installed, it’s important to tune the system to get the best sound quality. This involves adjusting the crossover frequency, gain, and phase. The crossover frequency determines the range of frequencies that the subwoofer will reproduce. The gain adjusts the volume of the subwoofer. And the phase adjusts the timing of the subwoofer’s output so that it lines up with the output of the other speakers in the system.
Crossover Frequency
The crossover frequency is typically set between 50 and 120 Hz. This range is below the frequency range of most other speakers in the system, which helps prevent the subwoofer from interfering with their output. The ideal crossover frequency will vary depending on the subwoofer and the other speakers in the system. It’s important to experiment until you find the frequency that sounds the best.
Gain
The gain is adjusted so that the subwoofer’s output is balanced with the output of the other speakers in the system. This prevents the subwoofer from overpowering the other speakers or being too quiet. The ideal gain setting will vary depending on the subwoofer and the other speakers in the system. It’s important to experiment until you find the setting that sounds the best.
Phase
The phase is adjusted so that the subwoofer’s output lines up with the output of the other speakers in the system. This helps prevent the subwoofer from causing a cancellation effect, which can result in a loss of low-frequency output. The ideal phase setting will vary depending on the subwoofer and the other speakers in the system. It’s important to experiment until you find the setting that sounds the best.
Table of Recommended Crossover Frequencies
| Subwoofer Size | Recommended Crossover Frequency |
|---|---|
| 8-inch | 50-80 Hz |
| 10-inch | 40-60 Hz |
| 12-inch | 30-50 Hz |
Troubleshooting Common Issues
No Sound From Subwoofer
Ensure the subwoofer is properly connected to the amplifier and the amplifier is turned on. Check the fuse on the amplifier and replace it if necessary. Verify that the subwoofer is receiving a signal from the head unit. Inspect the wiring for any loose connections or damage.
Distorted Sound
Reduce the bass boost settings on the amplifier or head unit. Check the speaker terminals on the subwoofer to ensure they are tight and clean. If the distortion persists, it may indicate an issue with the subwoofer itself or the amplifier. Consider replacing the subwoofer or amplifier.
Rattling or Buzzing Sound
Tighten all screws and bolts securing the subwoofer enclosure. Check for loose panels or vibrating parts inside the enclosure. If the rattling persists, it may indicate a mechanical issue with the subwoofer. Consider having it professionally repaired or replaced.
Subwoofer Not Turning On
Check if the remote turn-on wire from the head unit is connected to the amplifier. Test the remote turn-on signal using a multimeter. If the signal is weak or absent, inspect the wiring from the head unit to the amplifier and replace it if necessary.
Subwoofer Blowing
This can be caused by overdriving the subwoofer or using an amplifier that is too powerful. Ensure the amplifier settings are appropriate for the subwoofer’s specifications. Avoid exposing the subwoofer to extreme temperatures or moisture. If the subwoofer has blown, it will need to be replaced.
Power Loss on Subwoofer
Check the electrical connections between the amplifier, subwoofer, and battery. Ensure the subwoofer wiring is of sufficient gauge and that all connections are tight. If the power loss persists, it may indicate an issue with the amplifier or the electrical system of the vehicle.
Humming or Whining Sound
This can be caused by a ground loop. Disconnect the RCA cables from the amplifier and see if the humming persists. If it does, the issue is likely with the ground wire. Ensure the ground wire is properly connected to a clean, bare metal surface on the vehicle’s chassis. If the humming stops, troubleshoot the RCA cables for faulty shielding or ground loops.
Subwoofer Not Getting Bass
Adjust the crossover frequency on the amplifier to ensure it is set correctly. Check the subwoofer enclosure for leaks or damage that may be affecting its performance. If the issue persists, consider having the subwoofer and enclosure professionally inspected.
Subwoofer Sounds Muffled
Ensure the subwoofer enclosure is not too small for the subwoofer. Inspect the port(s) for obstructions or blockages. Check the speaker terminals on the subwoofer and amplifier to ensure they are tight and clean. If the issue persists, it may indicate a mechanical issue with the subwoofer. Consider having it professionally repaired or replaced.
Enjoying the Enhanced Audio Experience
Upgrading your car audio system with subwoofers will dramatically enhance your listening experience. Here’s a detailed guide to help you enjoy the benefits:
10. Proper Placement for Optimal Sound
The placement of subwoofers in your car significantly impacts the sound quality. Here are some guidelines:
| Placement | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Trunk | – Encloses the bass, resulting in a more immersive experience. – Reduces potential cabin vibrations. |
– May compromise trunk space. – Can create a potential theft target. |
| Under Seats | – Conserves trunk space. – Maintains a low profile. |
– Limited bass response due to confined space. – Can interfere with legroom. |
| Custom Enclosure | – Allows for precise placement and optimization. – Provides the best possible sound quality. |
– Requires professional installation. – Can be expensive. |
How to Put Subs in a Car
Upgrading your car’s audio system with subwoofers can significantly enhance your listening experience. Installing subwoofers requires careful planning and execution to ensure optimal performance and avoid any potential damage. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to put subs in a car:
1. Determine Subwoofer Size and Placement
Select subwoofers that fit within the designated enclosure in your car. Determine the dimensions of the enclosure and choose subwoofers with a diameter and depth that align with the space available. Consider the preferred location of the subwoofers, whether in the trunk, beneath a seat, or in a custom enclosure.
2. Gather Necessary Equipment
To install the subwoofers, you will need the following equipment:
- Subwoofers
- Enclosure (if required)
- Amplifier
- Wiring kit (power, ground, speaker)
- Tools (screwdriver, wrench, crimpers, wire strippers)
3. Wire the Subwoofers
Connect the subwoofers to the amplifier using the speaker wire. Ensure the polarity of the connections is correct by matching the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals on both the subwoofers and the amplifier. Secure the connections using crimpers.
4. Install the Amplifier
Mount the amplifier in a secure and accessible location. Connect the power wire from the amplifier to the battery’s positive terminal. Ground the amplifier by connecting the ground wire to a metal surface in the car. Run the remote turn-on wire from the amplifier to the head unit.
5. Install the Subwoofers and Enclosure
If using an enclosure, install the subwoofers into the designated compartments. Secure them using the provided screws or bolts. Position the enclosure in the chosen location and fasten it according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
6. Tune the System
Once the subwoofers are installed, use the amplifier’s controls to adjust the gain, crossover frequency, and phase. Start by setting the gain at a low level and gradually increase it until the desired bass output is achieved. Adjust the crossover frequency to filter out unwanted frequencies from the subwoofers.
People Also Ask About How to Put Subs in a Car
Can I install subwoofers without an amplifier?
No, an amplifier is necessary to provide the power required by the subwoofers to produce sound.
What type of wiring kit do I need?
Choose a wiring kit that includes high-quality power, ground, and speaker wires with sufficient gauge to handle the power requirements of the amplifier and subwoofers.
Where should I place the subwoofers in my car?
The preferred subwoofer placement depends on the make and model of your car. Common locations include the trunk, beneath a seat, or in a custom enclosure.
How do I adjust the subwoofer settings?
Use the amplifier’s controls to adjust the gain, crossover frequency, and phase. Start by setting the gain low and gradually increase it until the desired bass output is achieved. Adjust the crossover frequency to filter out unwanted frequencies from the subwoofers.
