How To Light Furnace Pilot

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Many people dread the cold winter months, and one of the reasons is the fear of a malfunctioning furnace. If you find yourself in this situation, don’t panic. It’s possible to light your furnace pilot yourself, and it’s not as difficult as you might think. The first step is to locate the pilot light. It’s usually located near the bottom of the furnace, and it will look like a small flame. Once you’ve found the pilot light, you need to turn off the gas supply to the furnace. This is usually done by turning a valve located near the gas meter. With the gas supply turned off, you can now safely attempt to light the pilot light.

To light the pilot light, you will need a long match or lighter. First, remove the cover from the pilot light assembly. Then, hold the match or lighter near the pilot light and turn on the gas supply. You should see the pilot light ignite. If it doesn’t, repeat the process until you are successful. Once the pilot light is lit, you can replace the cover and turn on the furnace. The furnace should now start to heat up your home. However, if the pilot light goes out again, you may need to call a qualified technician to service your furnace.

Lighting your furnace pilot is a relatively simple task, but it’s important to remember to take safety precautions. Always turn off the gas supply to the furnace before attempting to light the pilot light, and never leave the furnace unattended while it is lit. If you have any questions or concerns, it’s always best to consult a qualified technician.

Basic Safety Precautions

Before attempting to light the furnace pilot, it’s crucial to adhere to essential safety precautions to avoid potential hazards:

1. Ensure Proper Ventilation

a. Clear Obstructions: Remove any items blocking air vents, registers, and the furnace area to ensure proper airflow and prevent overheating.
b. Open Doors and Windows: Slightly open windows and doors in the same room as the furnace to create cross-ventilation and dissipate any fumes produced during the lighting process.
c. Turn Off Gas: If the furnace is connected to a gas supply, turn off the gas valve at the source before attempting to light the pilot.
d. Check for Gas Leaks: Apply a soap and water solution to gas connections and fittings. If bubbles form, signifying a leak, immediately shut off the gas supply and contact a qualified professional.

2. Gather Necessary Tools and Wear Protective Gear

a. Tools: Gather a long-necked lighter or match, and a flashlight if necessary.
b. Protective Gear: Wear gloves to protect hands from heat and potential sparks, and safety glasses to shield eyes from flying debris or fumes.

3. Observe surroundings

a. Clear Path: Ensure a clear path around the furnace for safety and ease of movement.
b. Keep Flammables Away: Remove any flammable materials, such as curtains, rugs, or paper, from the vicinity of the furnace.
c. Check Smoke Alarms: Verify that smoke alarms are operational to alert you to any potential hazards.

Locating the Pilot

To locate the pilot light, follow these detailed steps:

1. Open the furnace access panel

Locate the access panel on the front or side of the furnace. It is typically secured with screws or a latch. Remove the screws or lift the latch to open the panel.

2. Identify the pilot assembly

Inside the furnace, look for a small, tube-like assembly with a flame or a metal rod sticking out of it. This is the pilot assembly. The flame should be visible through a small viewing window or opening. If the flame is not visible, proceed to the next step.

a. Gas-fueled furnaces

In gas-fueled furnaces, the pilot assembly is usually located near the gas valve. It is connected to a gas line and has a small burner that ignites the gas.

b. Oil-fueled furnaces

In oil-fueled furnaces, the pilot assembly is located near the oil burner. It is connected to an oil line and has a small burner that ignites the oil.

3. Locate the igniter

The igniter is a small electrical component that generates a spark to ignite the pilot flame. It is usually located near the pilot assembly. If the pilot flame is not visible, check if the igniter is functioning properly.

Inspecting the Pilot Assembly

The pilot assembly is a crucial component of your furnace, and it’s responsible for igniting the gas and starting the heating process. It’s important to inspect the pilot assembly regularly to ensure that it’s working properly and to prevent any potential problems.

When inspecting the pilot assembly, there are a few key things to look for:

1. The Pilot Flame

The pilot flame should be a steady, blue flame. If it’s yellow or flickering, it may indicate that there’s a problem with the gas supply or the pilot torch. You can try to clean the pilot torch with a soft brush, but if the problem persists, you should call a qualified technician.

2. The Thermocouple

The thermocouple is a safety device that shuts off the gas supply if the pilot flame goes out. It’s located near the pilot flame, and it should be clean and free of debris. If the thermocouple is faulty, it can prevent the furnace from starting, so it’s important to replace it if needed.

3. The Gas Valve

The gas valve controls the flow of gas to the pilot assembly and the furnace. It should be fully open when the furnace is operating. If the gas valve is partially closed or clogged, it can restrict the flow of gas and prevent the furnace from starting. You can try to clean the gas valve with a soft brush, but if the problem persists, you should call a qualified technician.

Here is a table summarizing the key components of the pilot assembly and what to look for when inspecting them:

Component	What to look for
Pilot flame	Steady, blue flame
Thermocouple	Clean, free of debris
Gas valve	Fully open, free of debris

Cleaning the Pilot Assembly

Before lighting the furnace pilot, it’s crucial to ensure the pilot assembly is clean for safe and efficient operation. Here’s a detailed guide to cleaning the pilot assembly:

1. Shut off Gas and Power

Turn off the gas supply to the furnace at the main gas valve. Additionally, turn off the power to the furnace at the electrical panel to prevent any electrical hazards.

2. Remove Pilot Assembly

Locate the pilot assembly, typically a small metal tube with a flame sensor. Carefully remove the assembly by unscrewing the retaining screws or bolts. Handle it gently to avoid damaging any components.

3. Clean Burner Nozzle

Inspect the burner nozzle, the small opening at the end of the pilot assembly where gas exits. Use a fine-wire brush or a compressed air can to gently remove any dirt, debris, or insects that may be obstructing the gas flow.

4. Inspect and Clean Thermocouple

The thermocouple is a crucial component that senses the pilot flame and triggers the gas valve to open. Here’s how to inspect and clean it:

Step	Description
Check Connections	Visually inspect the thermocouple connections. Ensure they are tight and free of corrosion.
Clean Tip	Use a fine-grit sandpaper or a wire brush to gently clean the tip of the thermocouple. Avoid damaging the sensitive tip.
Test Thermocouple	With the pilot assembly removed, connect the thermocouple to a voltmeter. Heat the tip with a lighter or match. A good thermocouple will generate a voltage reading.

Relighting the Pilot

If your furnace pilot light has gone out, you can relight it yourself by following these steps:

1. Locate the pilot light assembly

The pilot light assembly is usually located on the bottom of the furnace. It will have a small metal tube with a flame burning inside.

2. Shut off the gas supply to the furnace

There should be a gas valve near the furnace. Turn the valve to the off position.

3. Wait 5 minutes

This will allow any gas that is still in the line to dissipate.

4. Turn the gas supply back on

Slowly turn the gas valve back to the on position. You should hear a clicking sound as the gas flows into the line.

5. Relight the pilot light

There are two ways to relight the pilot light. You can use a long lighter or a match. To use a long lighter, hold the lighter near the pilot light assembly and press the ignition button. To use a match, light the match and hold it near the pilot light assembly. Once the pilot light is lit, hold it for about 30 seconds to allow the flame to stabilize.

6. Turn the thermostat up

Once the pilot light is lit, turn the thermostat up to the desired temperature. The furnace will start to blow hot air after a few minutes.

Table: Troubleshooting Tips for Relighting the Pilot Light

Problem	Solution
Pilot light will not light	Make sure that the gas supply is turned on. Check the thermocouple for any damage.
Pilot light lights but goes out	Make sure that the flame is stable. If the flame is flickering, there may be a draft in the area.
Furnace will not blow hot air	Check the thermostat to make sure that it is set to the desired temperature. Make sure that the furnace filter is clean.

Maintaining a Stable Pilot Flame

Ensuring a stable pilot flame is crucial for the proper functioning of your furnace. Here are some essential practices to maintain a steady flame:

1. Clean the Pilot Assembly:

Regularly clean the pilot assembly, including the orifice, thermocouple, and flame sensor. Debris and buildup can obstruct the flame’s flow and stability.

2. Inspect the Gas Line:

Inspect the gas line leading to the pilot assembly for any kinks or leaks. A compromised gas supply can lead to a weak or unsteady pilot flame.

3. Ensure Proper Gas Pressure:

Check that the gas pressure at the pilot assembly is within the manufacturer’s specified range. Insufficient or excessive pressure can affect the flame’s stability.

4. Adjust the Air-to-Fuel Ratio:

Locate the air shutter or adjustment screw on the pilot assembly. Adjust it according to the manufacturer’s instructions to achieve an optimal air-to-fuel ratio for a stable flame.

5. Protect from Drafts:

Shielding the pilot assembly from drafts, such as those from open windows or doors, is essential. Drafts can disrupt the flame’s stability and lead to intermittent ignition.

6. Troubleshoot Common Issues:

If the pilot flame remains unstable despite following the aforementioned practices, consider the following troubleshooting tips:

Symptom	Possible Causes
Pilot flame blows out intermittently	Gas line leak, clogged orifice, improper gas pressure
Yellow, smoky flame	Incomplete combustion due to insufficient airflow or obstructed vent
Pilot flame fluctuates	Dirty thermocouple or flame sensor, drafts

Troubleshooting Pilot Lighting Issues

Gas Supply Issues

Check the gas valve: Ensure the valve is fully open and allowing gas to flow to the pilot.
Verify gas pressure: Contact your gas company to check if there is an issue with gas pressure.
Inspect gas line: Look for any visible leaks, kinks, or obstructions in the gas line.

Electrical Issues

Examine the igniter: Check if the igniter is glowing when you attempt to light the pilot. Replace it if necessary.
Test the thermocouple: This device generates a small electrical current to maintain the pilot flame. Replace it if it’s damaged or faulty.
Inspect electrical connections: Ensure all electrical connections are secure and not corroded.

Pilot Flame Issues

Adjust the pilot flame: The flame should be about 1/2 inch high and blue in color. If it’s yellow, the air mixture may need adjustment.
Clean the pilot orifice: Debris or buildup can block the orifice, preventing the proper flow of gas. Use a soft brush to clean it gently.
Inspect the flame sensor: This device detects the presence of the pilot flame. It may need replacement if it’s dirty or damaged.

Gas Valve Adjustments

If the pilot flame is too large or small, you may need to adjust the gas valve. Follow these steps:

Locate the gas valve. It is usually located on the side of the furnace.
Turn the valve knob to the “Off” position.
Remove the screw that holds the knob in place.
Pull the knob off the valve stem.
Insert a small screwdriver into the hole in the valve stem.
Turn the screwdriver clockwise to increase the gas flow or counterclockwise to decrease it.
Replace the knob and screw.
Turn the valve knob to the “On” position.

Troubleshooting

If you are unable to adjust the pilot flame, there may be a problem with the gas valve. Some common problems include:

Problem	Solution
The gas valve is not opening.	Check the power supply to the valve. Replace the valve if necessary.
The gas valve is leaking.	Replace the valve.
The gas valve is stuck.	Tap the valve with a hammer to free it up. Replace the valve if necessary.

Calling a Professional for Assistance

If you have followed all the steps above and still cannot light the furnace pilot, it is time to call a professional for assistance. A qualified HVAC technician can diagnose the problem and make the necessary repairs. Here are some tips for finding a reputable HVAC technician:

Ask for referrals from friends or family members.
Check online reviews for local HVAC companies.
Make sure the company is licensed and insured.
Get a written estimate before any work is done.

Here is a table with additional information to help you find a qualified HVAC technician:

Characteristic	How to Find
License and insurance	Ask for proof of license and insurance.
Experience	Ask how long the company has been in business and how many technicians they employ.
Reputation	Read online reviews and ask for referrals from friends or family members.
Cost	Get a written estimate before any work is done.

Once you have found a qualified HVAC technician, they will be able to diagnose the problem with your furnace pilot and make the necessary repairs. In most cases, the problem will be minor and can be fixed quickly and easily. However, if the problem is more serious, it may require more extensive repairs or even a replacement furnace.

Winterization Tips for Furnaces

1. Clean and Inspect the Furnace

Before winterizing the furnace, thoroughly clean and inspect it. Clear any dirt, dust, or debris from the unit and its components. Inspect the air filter and replace it if necessary to ensure proper airflow.

2. Check the Pilot Light

Make sure the pilot light is lit and burning correctly. If the pilot light is not lit, follow the instructions in the furnace manual or click here for detailed steps on lighting the pilot light.

3. Test the Thermostat

Set the thermostat to “heat” and the desired temperature. The furnace should turn on and heat the house to the set temperature. If the furnace does not turn on, check the thermostat settings and connections.

4. Check the Blower Motor

Listen for the blower motor running when the furnace is operating. The blower motor circulates the heated air throughout the house. If the blower motor is not running, check the motor connections and capacitors.

5. Lubricate Moving Parts

Apply a light lubricant to all moving parts of the furnace, such as the blower motor, pulleys, and shafts. This will help prevent wear and tear and extend the life of the unit.

6. Disconnect the Gas Line

For gas furnaces, turn off the gas supply at the main valve. This will prevent gas from leaking into the house while the furnace is not in use.

7. Cover the Furnace

Place a furnace cover over the unit to protect it from dust, dirt, and debris. Ensure the cover does not block the air intake or exhaust vents.

8. Seal Air Leaks

Inspect the furnace and surrounding areas for air leaks. Seal any leaks with caulk or weatherstripping to prevent heat loss during operation.

9. Consider a Furnace Tune-Up

Schedule a professional furnace tune-up before winter to ensure the unit is operating efficiently and safely. A technician will perform a comprehensive inspection, cleaning, and adjustments as necessary.

10. How to Light the Furnace Pilot

If the pilot light is not lit, follow these steps to light it safely:


Locate the pilot light assembly and remove the protective cover.
Ignite a long match or grill lighter and carefully touch it to the pilot light burner.
Hold the flame at the burner for about 30 seconds or until the pilot light stays lit on its own.
Reattach the protective cover and observe the pilot light for a few minutes to ensure it stays lit.

Lighting a furnace pilot is a relatively simple task that can be completed in just a few steps. However, it is important to follow the instructions carefully to avoid any potential hazards. Here are the steps on how to light a furnace pilot:

Locate the pilot assembly. The pilot assembly is typically located on the bottom or side of the furnace. It will have a small round knob or lever that you can use to turn the gas on and off.
Turn off the gas supply to the furnace. You can do this by turning the gas valve off at the meter.
Wait 5 minutes for the gas to dissipate. This will help to prevent any explosions.
Turn the pilot knob or lever to the "on" position. You should hear a clicking sound as the gas starts to flow.
Hold a lighted match or lighter to the pilot light. The pilot light should ignite immediately.
Keep the pilot light lit for 30 seconds. This will give it time to warm up and stabilize.
Turn the gas valve back on at the meter. The furnace will now start to operate.